Kwimeko yokhuphiswano lweshishini kunye neendawo zikawonke-wonke, iimpawu zangaphandle zisebenza ngokungaphezulu kwezixhobo nje zokunxibelelana - ziyindawo yokuqala yonxibelelwano phakathi kophawu, ishishini, okanye umbutho kunye nabaphulaphuli. Uphawu lwangaphandle olwenziwe kakuhle lunokutsalela izazisi, uqiniseke ukuba zenziwe isazisi Ngokungafaniyo neempawu zangaphakathi, ezisebenza kwiindawo ezilawulwayo, iimpawu zangaphandle kufuneka zikwazi ukumela iimeko zemozulu ezinobungozi, ubushushu obukhulu, kunye nokubonisa ukuqina kwelanga, ukubonakala, kunye nokusebenza kweempawu zazo ezichazayo. Ukusuka kwiimpawu zevenkile ezikhanyayo kunye neebhodi ezinqabileyo zendlela kwi-Prociel yendlela kunye neempawu zokumakisha, iimpawu zangaphandle zeza kwiifom ezininzi, nganye ilungiselelwe iinjongo ezithile kunye neemeko ezithile. Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siphonononga yonke imiba yempawu zangaphandle, kwinjongo yabo ephambili kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto, iindlela zokufakelwa, kunye neengcebiso zolondolozo, ukongamela kutyalo-mali olungenakuthelekiswa nanto kumashishini, kwimibutho kwihlabathi liphela.

　　1. Eyona njongo iphambili yeempawu zangaphandle: Ngaphandle "kokubonwa"

　　Iimpawu zangaphandle zii-asethi zomsebenzi zeqhinga ezisebenza ngemisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo, nganye ifaka igalelo kwimpumelelo yeshishini okanye ukusebenza kakuhle kwendawo yoluntu. Ixabiso labo lindidlulisela ngaphaya kokubonakala ngokulula-babuyile, inyathelo lokuqhuba, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko.

　　1.1 Ukwazisa ngohlobo kunye nokwamkelwa

　　Amashishini, iimpawu zangaphandle yeyona ndlela ibonakalayo yophawu, ukubambela njengentengiso ezingama-24/7 ezifikelela kubaphulaphuli abaninzi. Umqondiso oyilelwe kakuhle:

　　Ukuqinisa isazisi sophawu: ngokubandakanya imibala ye-Bind, iilogo, iifonti, kunye nemiyalezo, imiqondiso yangaphandle yenza ishishini liyaziwa kwangoko. Umzekelo, i-chain ye-chain ye-chain ye-icophoc ye-iconic ye-iconic ye-iconic "m" m "m" ubonakala kwiibhloko kude, ngoko nangoko ukwenzeka okwamkelweyo kunye nokunxulumana neemveliso.

　　Itsalela abathengi be-Interwsel: Izifundo zibonisa ukuba ipesenti ebalulekileyo yabathengi abathengi batyelele ivenkile nje kuba babona uphawu lwangaphandle lwangaphandle. Isibonakaliso esinesibindi, ukubambisa ngamehlo sinokuzoba kubantu abadlulayo abasenokungacwangcisi ukuyeka, ukwandisa ukugcwala kweenyawo kunye nokuthengisa.

　　Yakha ukuthembeka: Umgangatho ophezulu, ogcinelwe imiqondiso yokutyikitya kwangaphandle kunye nokuthembeka. Kwelinye icala, uphawu oluphezulu, olonakeleyo lunokunika umbono weshishini elingakhathalelwanga, ukudimaza abathengi abanokubakho.

　　Imibutho efana neprofeti okanye iiarhente zikarhulumente, imiqondiso yangaphandle ikhulisa inkonzo yabo - i-E.G.

　　1.2 Indlela yokuhamba kunye nokuhamba

　　Kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke ezifana neepaki, iikhampasi, izikhululo zeenqwelo moya, okanye izithili zedolophu ezidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhokeleni iindwendwe kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuhamba ngenqanawa:

　　Iimpawu zendlela: Le ngcaciso yeMiqondiso kwiindawo ezithile, njengokupaka iindawo zokupaka, ukungena, amagumbi okuphumla, okanye abakhenkethi. Umzekelo, inkampu yaseyunivesithi inokusebenzisa iimpawu ezifakwe kwi-Pole kunye neentolo zokukhokela abafundi kunye neendwendwe kwiiholo zokufundisa okanye ithala leencwadi.

　　Iimpawu zolwazi: ezi zibonelela ngeenkcukacha ezibalulekileyo, njengokuthi iiyure zokuvula, izithintelo zokupaka, okanye izikhokelo zoKhuseleko, i-E.G.G. Banceda iindwendwe ezenza izigqibo zabo kwaye baxole ukudideka.

　　Iimpawu zokuchonga: La magumbi, amagumbi, okanye iindawo-ee.g. Bayakuqinisekisa ukuba iindwendwe zinokufumana ngokukhawuleza indawo abahlala kuyo, ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka nokuphucula amava ngokubanzi.

　　Iimpawu ezifanelekileyo zokufikelela zenzelwe ukuba kufundwe ngokulula kumgama, ngeempawu ezicacileyo kunye nengcaciso encinci ye-Best-Gech kwimeko engxamisekileyo apho iindwendwe zingxame.

　　1.3 Ukhuseleko kunye nokuthotyelwa

　　Iimpawu zangaphandle zibalulekile ekugcineni ukhuseleko kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke kunye nezibucala, kwaye uninzi lufunwa yiMigaqo yeNdawo okanye imigangatho yeShishini:

　　Iimpawu zesilumkiso: Ezi ndwendwe zinokubakho kwiingozi ezinokubakho, ezinje "kumgangatho omanzi" (ngaphandle kwesakhiwo emva kwemvula), "i-voltage ephezulu" (kwiindlela zasemaphandleni). Banceda ukukhusela iingozi kunye nokulimala.

　　Iimpawu ezilawulayo: Ezi zinto zinyanzelisa imithetho okanye iimfuno, ezinje nge- "HORRPASPASS" (kwipropathi yabucala), "Ukupaka ngesandla), okanye" imaski yendawo yokupaka) (ngexesha lemicimbi yezempilo). Baqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho nokukhusela umnini wepropathi kunye neendwendwe.

　　Iimpawu ezingxamisekileyo: Ezi zikhokelo zabantu ekukhuseleni iimeko zentlekele, ezinje nge- "File ukuphuma" kwimibandela yobumnyama okanye i-swicky "(kwiindawo ezinkulu). Zibalulekile ukhuseleko loluntu kwaye zihlala zigunyaziswe ziikhowudi zomlilo.

　　1.4 ubuhle kunye nophuhliso loluntu

　　Iimpawu zangaphandle eziyilelwe kakuhle zinokuphucula isibongozo esibonakalayo sendawo kunye negalelo kumlinganiswa woluntu:

　　Ukuphuculwa kwe-Sttrostscape: Iimpawu ezilungelelanisiweyo kwiSithili saseDolophu-njengokuthelekisa iimpawu ezinqabileyo ezinemifanekiso ebuhleni-zinokwenza umtsalane, omemayo onokutsala abakhenkethi kwaye axhasa amashishini asekhaya.

　　Inkcubeko okanye imiqondiso yobugcisa: Ukufakwa kobugcisa boluntu okanye imiqondiso yokuhombisa (E.G., i-mural kudonga lwesakhiwo, 'wamkelekile [edolophini [yegama ledolophu] "uphawu lwembali. Benza indawo engalibalekiyo kwaye bakhulisa imvakalelo yeqhayiya phakathi kwabahlali.

　　Imiqondiso yexesha okanye yomsitho: Iimpawu zethutyana zeholide (i.G., "iiholide ezimnandi" kwidolophu) okanye imicimbi (E.G.) yongeza uluntu.

　　Ukusebenza kwesibonakaliso kobuhle ukusebenza kobuhle bokuhlelwa kukusebenzela injongo yawo ngelixa uyonyusa indawo ekufutshane.

　　I-2. Ukuqwalaselwa okuphambili koyilo lotyikityo lwangaphandle: ukuqina, ukubonakala kunye negalelo

　　Ukuyila uphawu olusebenzayo lwangaphandle lufuna ukuthathelwa ingqalelo ngononophelo kwizinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo: ukuqina (ukumelana nezinto), ukubonakala (ukubonwa kumgama), kunye nokufunda ngokulula). Ezi zinto zimisela ukuba umqondiso uza kuyisebenzela injongo yayo kwaye ume uvavanyo lwexesha.

　　2.1 Ukuqina: Izixhobo kunye nokuxhathisa kwemozulu

　　Iimpawu zangaphandle zivezwa kuluhlu lweemeko ezinzima-imvula, ikhephu, umoya, ubushushu obugqithisileyo, kunye nokonakaliswa. Ukukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ububele:

　　Ukukhethwa kwezinto: Izixhobo eziqhelekileyo kwiimpawu zangaphandle zibandakanya:

　　Isinyithi: I-Aluminium (i-aluminium (i-rust-ukunganyangeki) kunye nentsimbi (eyomeleleyo, iqinile) ithandwa ngamacandelo okanye kwimiqondiso engqongqo. I-Aluminiyam ilungele imiqondiso ekufuneka inyuswe kwiindonga okanye izibonda, ngelixa intsimbi isetyenziselwa iimpawu ezinzima (i.G., iibhodi) ezifuna amandla amakhulu.

　　I-Acrylic: Amaphepha ama-Abrylic (ngakumbi abo banee-UV) zisetyenziselwa iimpawu ezikhanyayo okanye iiphaneli zokuhombisa. Bangaxhathisi bemozulu, abanganyangekiyo, kwaye bagcine ukucaciswa kwabo kangangesithuba seplastiki, enokupheliswa okanye kube brittle.

　　I-Wood: I-Cedar Wood isetyenziselwa iimpawu ze-rustic okanye zembali (i.G., "Imarike yeFamathi yeFamathi"). Ifuna ukulondolozwa rhoqo (ukupeyinta, ukutywina) ukuthintela ukubola okanye ukugqobhoza, kodwa yongeza ubuhle obufudumeleyo, bendalo.

　　Ilitye okanye ikhonkrithi: Ezi zixhobo zisetyenziselwa imiqondiso esisigxina (E.G., imakisha yokwakha, i-Proques yeSikhumbuzo). Bahlala ixesha elide kodwa benzima kwaye babiza kakhulu ukufaka.

　　I-vinyl: i-vinyl isetyenziselwa iimpawu eziguqukayo (i.G., iibhendi, izithuthi) okanye njengokudibana kwezinye izixhobo. Yinto enganyangekiyo kunye nokunganyangekiyo

　　Ukugqitywa kunye neengubo: Unyango olongezelelekileyo lunokuphucula ukuqina:

　　Ingubo ye-UV: Khusela ngokuchasene nelanga nxamnye, ngakumbi imiqondiso eprintiweyo okanye izinto ezinemibala.

　　Iitywina zamanzi: Thintela ukonakala komswakama yenkuni okanye iimpawu zekhonkrithi.

　　I-Anti-Graffiti Coatrings: Yenza kube lula ukususa ipeyinti okanye imakishi kwimiqondiso kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.

　　2.2 Ukubonakala: Ubungakanani, umbala, kunye nokubekwa

　　Ukubonakala komqondiso kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bayo, umahluko umbala, kunye nokubekwa-konke ekufuneka kulungiselelwe abaphulaphuli kunye nokusingqongileyo:

　　Ubungakanani: Umqondiso kufuneka ube mkhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba ubonakale kumgama apho uninzi lwababukeli luya kuba khona. Umzekelo:

　　Umqondiso wegumbi lokugcina indawo ehamba ngeenyawo unokuba ziimitha ezi-2 ubude, ngelixa iBhodi yeeNdlela eyi-8 + kufuneka ibe yiinyawo ezili-10 + ukuba ziyiziimitha ezili-10 ubude ukuze zibonakale kubaqhubi kwi-60 + mph.

　　Ubungakanani besicatshulwa kunye nemizobo kufuneka ibekhona-i-Inch ibe yi-1 intshi ubude kwiinyawo ezili-10 zokujonga umgama (E.G.

　　Umbala othelekiswayo: Umahluko ophezulu phakathi kombhalo / kwimizobo kwaye imvelaphi iqinisekisa umqondiso omele. Umzekelo:

　　Isicatshulwa esimnyama kwimvelaphi emhlophe yeyona miba ifundeka kakhulu, kodwa imibala ebukhali efana nebomvu okanye ityheli kumnyama isebenza kakuhle kwiimpawu ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo (i.G., imiqondiso yesilumkiso).

　　Kulumkele ukudityaniswa okuphezulu (E.G., Yellow kwi-White, ekhanyayo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), kunzima ukufunda ukukhanya kwelanga okuqaqambileyo okanye kumgama.

　　Ukubekwa: Uphawu kufuneka lubekwe kwindawo apho lungachazwanga yimithi, izakhiwo, okanye ezinye izinto. Umzekelo:

　　Uphawu lwevenkile kufuneka lubekwe kwinqanaba lamehlo labahambi ngeenyawo okanye ngaphezulu kwabaqhubi.

　　Uphawu lwendlela yokuhlangana kufuneka lubekwe phambi kwexesha, ukunika abaqhubi ixesha lokuphendula.

　　Iimpawu ezikhanyisiweyo kufuneka zibekwe kwilitha (E.G., ayijonganga ngqo elangeni) ukuqinisekisa ukubonakala kobusuku nobusuku.

　　2.3 Igalelo: Ifonti, isicatshulwa, kunye nemizobo

　　Nokuba uphawu olubonakalayo alunamsebenzi ukuba alunakufundwa ngokukhawuleza nangokulula. I-Ledulimelimelimelimelimelimelimelimelimelimeliment igqitywe ngokukhetha ifonti, ubude bokubhaliweyo, kunye noyilo lwegraphic:

　　Ukukhetha ifonti: ilula, i-SANS-Serif fonts Khusela ukhathazekile, iskripthi, okanye iifonti ezinesitayile, ekunzima ukuzifunda ngokukhawuleza-ngakumbi abaqhubi okanye abantu abaneengxaki zokubonakalayo.

　　Ubude bokubhaliweyo: Qwalasela umbhalo-uninzi lweempawu zangaphandle kufuneka zibe ne-1-3 yemigca yesicatshulwa, ngaphandle kwamagama angama-5-7 ngomgca ngamnye. Umzekelo, uphawu lwevenkile yokutyela lungathi "Diner's Dinersis Isidlo sakusasa kunye nesidlo sasemini Kakhulu

　　Imizobo kunye neesimboli: Sebenzisa iisimboli ezilula, ezichongiweyo. Iimpawu zenziwa ngokukhawuleza kwinkqubo kunesicatshulwa kwaye inokuqondwa ngabantu abangathethi ulwimi lwasekhaya. Kunqande imizobo enzima enokuthi i-blur ukusuka kumgama ohamba umgama kwinkalipho, ingenalo.

　　I-3. Iindidi zeempawu zangaphandle: Ilungiselelwe zonke iimfuno kunye nendalo

　　Iimpawu zangaphandle zeza uluhlu olubanzi lweentlobo, kwenzelwe ukuba zikhonze iinjongo ezithile ezisekwe kwindawo, abaphulaphuli, kunye nefuthe elinqwenelekayo. Apha ngezantsi kukho uninzi lweendidi eziqhelekileyo, ezicwangciswe ngumsebenzi kunye noyilo.

　　3.1 Iimpawu zangaphandle ezikhanyisiweyo: Imini ebonakalayo nobusuku

　　Iimpawu ezikhanyisayo zisebenzisa ukukhanya ukuqinisekisa ukubonakala emva kobumnyama ngamashishini asebenza ngokuhlwa (E.G., izikhululo zegesi) okanye iindlela zegesi, iindlela zokupaka, iindlela zokupakisha).

　　3.1.1 I-LED yeZAKHONO ZEXESHA

　　I-LED Beza ngeendlela ezininzi:

　　Ijelo le-LED: oonobumba abalandelayo Banokungaphambi kokuba " Ziqhelekile isetyenziselwa ukugcina i-fedfrients, njengoko zibonakale kakhulu kwaye zifihlakele.

　　Iibhodi ze-LED: izikrini ezinkulu zedijithali ezibonisa imixholo eguqukayo-iividiyo, oopopayi, okanye iintengiso ezijikelezayo. Zisetyenziswa ecaleni kweendlela, kwizithili zedolophu, okanye kumabala emidlalo, kwaye inokuhlaziywa kude. Ngelixa babiza kakhulu, banikezela bhetyebhetye (ukutshintsha komxholo okwenziwa ngexesha lokwenyani) kunye nokuzibandakanya.

　　Iimpawu zeKhabhinethi ezi-LED: IKhabhinethi enxantathu kunye nobuso obuqhelekileyo (i-Acrylic okanye i-polycarbonate) kwaye i-LED ngaphakathi. Ubuso bunokubonisa uphawu, isicatshulwa, okanye imizobo. Zisetyenziselwa imiqondiso yeshishini (i.G., "Vula iiyure ezingama-24" kwivenkile elula) okanye iimpawu zendlela, kwaye zihlala ziqinile ngokwaneleyo kwimozulu yemozulu.

　　3.1.2 Iimpawu ze-neon

　　Iimpawu ze-Neon zisebenzisa iityhubhu zeglasi ezizaliswe yi-neon okanye ezinye iigesi ezingenabuthathaka, eziqaqambileyo xa kudluliselwe umbane. Baziwa ngokuba yi-oesthetic yabo, ubuhle bawo kwaye bahlala besetyenziswa:

　　Imivalo, iivenkile zokutyela, kunye neeVenkile zokuZowunisa: I-Neon imiqondiso (E.G., "Vula," "umculo ophilayo") otsalela abathengi.

Iindawo zeMbali zeMbali: Iimpawu ze-Neon zihlala zigcinwe kwizithili zemfundo (E.G.G., I-LAS VEGAS Street Street) okanye isetyenzisiwe kumashishini athambileyo (E.G., isitayile se-1950s).

　　Ngelixa imiqondiso ye-neon iyabeleka ngokungafaniyo, isebenza ngamandla ngaphezu kwe-LEDS, ineeyure ezili-10 000-20,000 (i-10,000-20,000), kwaye iqhekeza kakhulu (iibhubhu zeglasi).

　　3.1.3 Iimpawu zeFluorescent

　　Imiqondiso ye-Fluorescent isebenzisa i-fluorescent tubes yokukhanyisa ubuso bezodwa. Zingaqhelekanga kune-LEDS okanye i-neon, kodwa zisasetyenziselwa:

　　Ukukhetha uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali: Iimpawu ze-fluorescent zixabiso eliphantsi kune-LED okanye i-neon, zisenza ukuba zikhethe amashishini amancinci.

　　Iimpawu ezinkulu: Iityhubhu ze-fluorescent zingasetyenziselwa ukukhanyisela iimpawu ezinkulu (i.G., "ukupaka" kwimall) ngenxa yobude babo obude.

　　Nangona kunjalo, imiqondiso ye-fluorescent ayikhanyisi ngakumbi kune-Leds, iqulethe i-mercury (eyenza ukulahla inkunkuma), kwaye ayiqinisekanga kubushushu obugqithisileyo.

　　Iimpawu ezingaphandle zangaphandle: Inendleko kwaye iqine

　　Iimpawu ezingafunekiyo zixhomekeke ekukhanyisweni kwendalo ngokubonakala kwaye zilungele uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali olunobhajethi, imiqondiso engafunekiyo ukuba ibonwe emva kobumnyama, okanye izithuba zikawonke-wonke apho kukhanyiselwe khona kungafuneki.

　　3.2.1 Iimpawu zelitye

　　Iimpawu ezityelweyo ziphantsi kwempawu eziphantsi, ezikhululekileyo eziqhelekileyo ezenziwa zizixhobo eziqinileyo ezinje ngelitye, ikhonkrithi, intsimbi, okanye i-acrylic. Zisetyenziselwa:

　　Iipaki zeshishini, izikolo, okanye indawo yokuhlala: Iimpawu zexabiso zibonisa igama lepropathi (E.G., "Isikolo samabanga aphakamileyo iMaplewood.

　　Ukuphelisa iindwendwe eziphezulu

　　Iimpawu zelitye ziqinile kwaye zidibanisa kakuhle kwindawo engqongileyo, kodwa zifuna indawo engaphezulu kwaye zibiza kakhulu ukuba zifake ezinye iimpawu ezingakhanyiswanga.

　　3.2.2 Iimpawu ezixhonyiweyo zePole

　　Iimpawu ezikhutshwe yiPole ziqhotyoshelwe kwi-poles enye okanye ezingaphezulu, zenza ukuba zibonakale kumgama. Zisetyenziselwa:

　　Indlela ephezulu okanye amashishini asendleleni

　　Iindawo zoluntu: Iimpawu zendlela (i.G., "Phuma i-5

　　Iimpawu ezikhunjulwa yi-Pole zinokuba yindawo enye (ibonakale ukusuka kwicala elinye) okanye isakhelo kabini (ibonakale kwi-Shinations), kwaye ziyafumaneka kwiindlela ezincinci zeendlela ezinkulu zeendlela ezinkulu ukuya kwiindlela ezinkulu zeendlela.

　　3.2.3 Iimpawu ezixhonyiweyo zedonga

　　Iimpawu ezikhutshwe ngudonga ziqhotyoshelwe ngqo kudonga olungaphandle lwesakhiwo. Luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lophawu olungafunekiyo lwamashishini kwaye lubandakanya:

　　Iimpawu zokugcina izinto: Veza igama leshishini, i-logo, okanye iinkonzo (E.G., "I-Salon ye-Sane ye-Jane • Sika kunye nombala"). Banokwenziwa ngentsimbi, i-Acrylic, iinkuni, okanye i-vinyl, kwaye zidityaniswe ukuba zilingane ne-facade yesakhiwo.

　　Iimpawu zokuchonga: Phawula ukubandakanyeka okuthile okanye iindawo (E.G., "ukungena okuphambili," "ucango") kwaye zihlala zincinci kwiimpawu zokugcina.

　　Iimpawu ezixhonywe eludongeni ziyindleko, kulula ukuzifakelwa, kwaye ungazenzi indawo ephantsi ebanzi-ubanzi balungele amashishini kwiindawo eziqinileyo zedolophu.

　　3.2.4 Iimpawu zesibhengezo

　　Iimpawu zesibhengezo ziguquguqukayo, iimpawu ezilula ezenziwe kwi-vinyl okanye i-mesh. Zisetyenziselwa:

　　Iziganeko zethutyana: Ukunyuswa (i-E.G., "ukuthengisa ihlobo. Kulula ukuyifaka kwaye basuse, kwaye banokuphinda baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde kwezehlo.

　　Imiyalezo emikhulu: I-Mesh Briners isetyenziselwa iindawo ezinkulu (i.G., ukugubungela icala lesakhiwo) kuba zivumela umoya ukuba udlule, unciphise umngcipheko womonakalo womoya.

　　Iimpawu zesibhengezo ziya kuncitshiswa kodwa ziqinile kuneempawu ezingqongqo - zinokuphelisa ukukhanya kwelanga ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye zinokukrazula kwimimoya eqinileyo ukuba ayikhuselekanga ngokufanelekileyo.

　　I-3.3 Iimpawu zangaphandle zedijithali: I-Dynamic kwaye iyasebenza

　　Iimpawu zangaphandle zedijithali (ekwabizwa ngokuba yimiyalezo yemiyalezo ye-elektroniki, i-EMCC) Sebenzisa imiboniso yedijithali ukubonisa umxholo we-digital-isicatshulwa, imifanekiso, iividiyo, okanye oopopayi. Zilungele amashishini okanye imibutho efuna ukuhlaziya umyalezo wabo rhoqo.